An Achilles tendon rupture is a serious injury, especially for athletes and active individuals. The Achilles tendon is the strongest and largest tendon in the human body, connecting the calf muscles to the heel bone to enable powerful movements like running and jumping. However, this critical tendon can tear or rupture due to sudden movements and strain, leaving individuals unable to walk or bear weight on their leg.
Here, we explain what happens during an Achilles tendon rupture, the treatment options available, and what to expect during recovery. This guide aims to help you understand the path to getting back on your feet.
Understanding An Achilles Tendon Rupture
The Achilles tendon runs along the back of the lower leg, connecting the calf muscles to the heel bone. It plays a crucial role in movements like walking, running, jumping, and pushing off the ground. Despite its strength, the Achilles tendon can be vulnerable to ruptures when put under extreme stress, such as through overuse or a fall. A rupture involves a full or partial tear to the tendon.
An Achilles tendon rupture is most commonly a sports-related injury. Activities that involve sudden starts and stops, rapid direction changes, or jumping, like basketball, tennis, or football, increase the risk of ruptures. It is most frequently seen in men between the ages of 30 and 40, though it can happen to anyone.
Chronic Achilles tendonitis, which involves inflammation and weakening of the tendon over time, can also increase the likelihood of ruptures. Other contributing factors include lack of proper warm-ups, wearing improper footwear, or a previous tendon injury.
Diagnosis and Treatment Options
The most noticeable signs and symptoms of a tear in the Achilles tendon include:
- A sudden, sharp pain in the back of the ankle, leg, or calf
- Hearing or feeling a pop or snap at the moment of rupture
- Swelling, bruising, and difficulty walking
- Tenderness at the site of injury
People with a ruptured Achilles tendon often cannot stand on their toes, point their feet down, or raise their heels. The injury also makes walking challenging, especially when going uphill or climbing stairs.
To diagnose the injury, a healthcare provider will typically perform a physical exam. The Thompson Test is a common diagnostic tool. In this test, the physician squeezes the calf muscle. If the foot does not move, it may confirm a ruptured Achilles tendon. Additional imaging tests, like an ultrasound, MRI, or X-ray, may be ordered to assess the severity of the injury and rule out other injuries or bone involvement.
Treatments for an Achilles Tendon Rupture
Treatment options vary based on factors such as the patient’s age, activity level, and overall health.
Non-Surgical Treatment
Non-surgical options may be recommended for individuals who are older, less active, or at high risk for surgical complications. This treatment approach includes wearing a cast or boot for approximately six weeks to immobilize the affected foot and allow the tendon to heal naturally. This is followed by a physical therapy program to improve physical function and regain strength and mobility.
Surgical Treatment
For younger or more active individuals looking to return to high-performance activities, surgery is often the best option. Surgery is often performed on an out-patient basis and has a low risk of complications. During surgery, the torn ends of the tendon are reattached. Post-surgery, the patient will wear a cast or splint for approximately four to six weeks while the tendon heals. Once healed, physical therapy is essential for a successful recovery.
Achilles Tendon Rupture Recovery Time
Recovery from an Achilles tendon rupture requires patience and consistency. The first stage focuses on rest and immobilization, which prevent further damage and allow the tendon to begin healing. Once the initial healing period ends, physical therapy is vital to restore flexibility, strength, and range of motion.
With appropriate treatment and rehabilitation, individuals who undergo either surgical or non-surgical repair usually achieve good to excellent recovery, allowing them to return to their full activity levels.
Healing times can vary significantly, but on average, you can expect the following:
- Non-Surgical Recovery: Typically requires a longer rehabilitation period, with patients returning to full activity within six to 12 months.
- Surgical Recovery: Patients often begin walking and swimming within six weeks and gradually return to sports within four to six months.
Milestones during recovery include the ability to bear weight, engage in light exercises, and eventually return to high-impact activities like sports and running. Surgical patients generally experience a lower risk of re-rupture and better chances of regaining pre-injury strength.
Preventing Future Injuries
Once you have recovered, taking steps to prevent future Achilles tendon injuries is essential. Some effective strategies include:
- Warming Up and Stretching: Always warm up before physical activities and stretch the calf muscles to maintain flexibility.
- Strength Training: Build strength in the calf and leg muscles to support the Achilles tendon.
- Proper Footwear: Wear supportive athletic shoes designed for your specific activity.
Choosing Expert Care for Achilles Tendon Injuries
At Personalized Orthopedics of the Palm Beaches, we understand how critical proper care is for an Achilles tendon rupture. Our specialized team includes experts in sports medicine, physical therapy, and orthopedic surgery. Whether you choose a non-surgical or surgical treatment option, you can trust us to provide personalized, results-driven care to get you back to an active and healthy life.
Sports Injury Doctor in Palm Beach County, FL
If you suspect an Achilles tendon injury or are ready to start your recovery process, contact Personalized Orthopedics of the Palm Beaches today to schedule an appointment with our expert team.
To find out more, call us at (561) 733-5888, Ext. 1. Alternatively, you can schedule a consultation using our convenient online form. We welcome your call!
External link
Men at highest risk of Achilles tendon rupture (Cleveland Clinic) – https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21703-achilles-tendon-rupture
